Toxic Fish and Sewer Surfing
How deceit and collusion are destroying our great beaches

Introduction
Pointing sewers seaward
A toothless watchdog
Toxic fish
Sewer-side surfing
Public relations battle
Events of 1989
Beyond Sydney
Conclusion
Bibliography

SYDNEY'S SEWAGE is hardly treated at all. Conventionalsewage treatment is identified by stages. Primary treatment, which comes after the sewage is screened to remove large solid objects, is simply sedimentation – the sewage is put into tanks and the heavier solids settle to the bottom. These solids are scraped of the bottom and are called sludge. The scum that rises to the surface is also scraped off. Then comes secondary treatment, a biological process that utilises naturally occurring micro-organisms to break down the organic material in the sewage. Tertiary treatments usually provide further biological breakdown.

Next in this chapter:
Swimming in a secondary treatment plant
Citing irrelevant data on health risks
Extended ocean oufalls--a reduction in risk?
Consequences of a surface field
Consequences of a submerged field